martyna fornal

A new species of owl has been discovered in the rainforests of an island off the west coast of Africa. The bird was found on Principe Island, which is part of the country of Sao Tome and Principe. It has been named as such, officially anointed as the Principe Scops-Owl or Otus bikegila. While local testimonies suggest it could have lived there as far back as 1928, scientists were not able to confirm its presence until 2016. One of the main clues leading to its discovery was its unique call. Otus bikegila's unique call is a short 'tuu' note repeated at a fast rate of about one note per second, reminiscent of insect calls. It is often emitted in duets, almost as soon as the night has fallen. While the entire island was searched, the owl was only found in a forest uninhabited by humans to the south. It occupies a relatively small area of ​​15km squared and is inhabited by 1,000 to 1,500 owls. The owl is the eighth known species of bird endemic to Principe. While the number of ...

By sequestering carbon and protecting shorelines, seagrass can help communities mitigate and adapt to climate change. Healthy seagrass meadows are a nature-based solution to many threats facing coastal waters and communities, including climate change. The ecosystem is likely to be the most significant blue carbon sink-referring to carbon stored in marine ecosystems on the planet. Tiger sharks equipped with tracking instruments were supposed to map seagrass in the Bahamas and take images of the sea floor. The highly mobile animals are able to reach significant depths, have a large range and spend a lot of time in seagrass meadows. They are also unburdened by mundane human constraints such as needing a boat, having to surface frequently and reliance on calm ocean conditions. About 7% of seagrasses are estimated to be lost globally every year. The UK has lost 90% of its seagrass meadows over the past few centuries. In a study published in the journal Nature Communications on November 1, s...

The year 2022 is exceptional. There are basically three reasons for the strong retreat of the glaciers this year, according to experts. One is the low snowfall in winter and spring. Another is sand from the Sahara Desert that blew all the way to Switzerland between March and May and deposited on ice and snow. The contaminated snow absorbed more solar energy and melted faster. Finally, the exceptional summer heatwave resulted in record temperatures even at high altitudes. Annual ice loss around 2% of a glacier’s overall volume was called extreme   by glaciologists but this year Switzerland’s glaciers have lost an average of 6.2% of their ice.   Thanks in part to work by the charitable organization Alpine Glacier Project we can observe the effect of our warming climate through chemically monitoring changes in meltwater, topographically surveying the landscape and by taking photos from the same position over the years. Over the project’s five decades, Gorner Glacier and Findel G...

  In language that we speak every day we use phenomenon  known as colour categorization. That means  grouping of shades in the same category and that only a limited number of words are used to refer to them. It shows that the world of colours, like many other aspects of perception, can be affected by cultural influences and by our learning experiences. As an example, in English and Spanish, there is one basic term to refer to bluish colours. However, in languages such as Russian, Greek and Turkish, there are different terms for light blue and dark blue. Several studies have shown that speakers of these languages are quicker and more confident when it comes to differentiating between intermediate shades of colours.  Also the classic study by anthropologists Brent Berlin and Paul Kay (1969) shows that what we find is a universal pattern that revolves around the six basic colours: white, black, blue, yellow, green and red. I think this is really interesting  that...

  Once everyone is happy with the film's final cut, including the director, editor, producer, and the studio or financiers, then the film is ready to go out into the world. Marketing a film can actually begin even before post-production is completed as teasers are distributed to promote the film. The final and crucial stage of making a film is the distribution stage. It's also the stage where producers get their money back (hopefully).   Although there are still some technical challenges to a film distribution, for the most part this stage is all about promotion, networking, creating buzz and if everything goes to plan making sales and turning a profit. Depending on distribution deal, film may be released into cinemas, on DVD, sold to a TV network or streaming service, such as Amazon Prime, HBO, or Netflix, etc.

 If someone saw a rough cut of a special effects-heavy blockbuster with no post-production additions, they wouldn’t be all that excited. The audience would be confused about why it looks so weird, without music or effects. Post-production is when the footage is edited, visual effects are added, music is composed, and titles are finalized. The really important thing in post-production is adding visual effects and working with color. The image needs to be adjusted to correct lighting problems and to style the color to suit the mood. Post-production begins while the shoot is still going, as the footage is gathered as soon as the first day of shooting starts. This helps see the project finished as soon as possible, but can also help identify problems with the footage or any gaps in the story while the shoot is still happening. The time required for this step depends on the length of the video and how much editing is required but it shouldn’t take more than 3 weeks. https://youtu.be/KLA...